Том 20, № 3, 2025
- стрес; травматизація; бойовий стрес; психологічна стійкість; резильєнтність; психологічна гнучкість; посттравматичний стресовий розлад; військовослужбовці
- https://doi.org/10.33099/2617-6858-2025-85-3-118-124
- Сторінки 118-124
У статті розкриваються теоретичні основи травматичного стресу, що виникає у військовослужбовців під час виконання бойових завдань. Розглянуто основні сучасні концепції резильєнтності (англ. resilience, стійкість, пружність, еластичність, гнучкість) військовослужбовця, яку можна представити як процес позитивної адаптації після травматичної події, яка загрожує здоров’ю чи життю людини
Використані джерела
- American Psychological Association. (2014). The road to resilience. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/road-resilience.aspx
- Benjet, C., Bromet, E., Karam, E. G., Kessler, R. C., McLaughlin, K. A., Ruscio, A. M., … Koenen, K. C. (2016). The epidemiology of traumatic event exposure worldwide: results from the World Mental Health Survey Consortium. Psychological medicine, 46(2), 327–343. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715001981
- Bonanno, G. A. (2021). The resilience paradox. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2021.1942642
- Bonanno, G. A., & Burton, C. L. (2013). Regulatory flexibility: An individual differences perspective on coping and emotion regulation. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(6), 591–612. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691613504116
- Bonanno, G. A., Romero, S. A., & Klein, S. I. (2015). The temporal elements of psychological resilience: An integrative framework for the study of individuals, families, and communities. Psychological Inquiry, 26(2), 139–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2015.992677
- Cabrera, O. A., Trachik, B. J., Ganulin, M. L., Dretsch, M. N., & Adler, A. B. (2023). Longitudinal measurement invariance and growth curve modeling of psychological resilience across the deployment cycle. Military Psychology, 36(4), 393–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/08995605.2023.2188846
- Campbell, D. J., & Nobel, O. B.-Y. (2009). Occupational stressors in military service: A review and framework. Military Psychology, 21(sup2), S47–S67. https://doi.org/10.1080/08995600903249149
- Casella, L., & Motta, R. W. (1990). Comparison of characteristics of Vietnam verterans with and without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Psychological Reports, 67, 595–605. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1990.67.2.595
- Chen, S., & Bonanno, G. A. (2021). Components of emotion regulation flexibility: Linking latent profiles to depressive and anxious symptoms. Clinical Psychological Science, 9 (2), 236–251. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702620956972
- Connor, K. M. (2006). Assessment of resilience in the after math of trauma. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67(2), 46–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.004
- Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10113
- Crane, M. F. (2017). A manager’s introductory guide to resilience. In M. F. Crane (Ed.), Managing for resilience: A practical guide for employee wellbeing and organizational performance (pp. 1–12). Routledge.
- Galatzer-Levy, I. R., Ruggles, K. V., & Chen, Z. (2018). Data science in the Research Domain Criteria era: Relevance of machine learning to the study of stress pathology, recovery, and resilience. Chronic Stress, 2, 24705. https://doi.org/10.1177/2470547017747553
- Iversen, Z. A., Almagor Tikotzki, M., & Kurman, J. (2022). Psychological resilience: Predictors and measurement among Israel Defense Force combat officer candidates. Military Psychology, 35(6), 493–506. https://doi.org/10.1080/08995605.2022.2127986
- Kalisch, R., Baker, D. G., Basten, U., Boks, M. P., Bonanno, G. A., Brummelman, E., … Kleim, B. (2017). The resilience framework as a strategy to combat stress-related disorders. Nature human behaviour, 1(11), 784–790. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-017-0200-8
- Kamphuis, W., Delahaij, R., Duel, J., Geuze, E., & Vermetten, E. (2021). The relationship between resilience resources and long-term deployment-related PTSD symptoms: A longitudinal study in Dutch veterans. Military Behavioral Health, 9(3), 267–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 21635781.2020.1864528
- Karam, E. G., Friedman, M. J., Hill, E. D., Kessler, R. C., McLaughlin, K. A., Petukhova, M., … Koenen, K. C. (2014). Cumulative traumas and risk thresholds: 12-month PTSD in the World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. Depression and anxiety, 31(2), 130–142. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22169
- Mary, A., Dayan, J., Leone, G., Postel, C., Fraisse, F., Malle, … Gagnepain, P. (2020). Resilience after trauma: The role of memory suppression. Science (New York, N.Y.), 367(6479), eaay8477. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aay8477
- Masten, A. S., & Cicchetti, D. (2016). Resilience in development: Progress and transformation. In D. Cicchetti (Ed.), Developmental psychopathology (Vol. 4, risk, resilience, and intervention) (3rd ed., pp. 271–333). New York: Wiley.
- Pietrzak, R. H., & Southwick, S. M. (2011). Psychological resilience in OEF-OIF Veterans: application of a novel classification approach and examination of demographic and psychosocial correlates. Journal of affective disorders, 133(3), 560–568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.028
- Polusny, M. A., Marquardt, C. A., Hagel-Campbell, E., Filetti, C. R., Noël, V. V., Disner, S. G., … Erbes, C. R. (2021). Advancing research on mechanisms of resilience (armor) longitudinal cohort study of new military recruits: results from a feasibility pilot study. Research in Human Development, 18(3), 212–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427609.2021.1964898
- Prykhodko, I., Kolesnichenko, O., Matsehora, Y., Aleshchenko, V., Kovalchuk, O., Matsevko, T., Krotiuk, V., & Kuzina, V. (2022). Effects of posttraumatic stress and combat losses on the combatants’ resilience. Československá Psychologie, 66(2), 157-169. https://doi.org/10.51561/cspsych.66.2.157
- Prykhodko, I., Matsehora,Y., Kolesnichenko, O., Voloshko, S., Vintoniak, V., Vasyukova, N., Budahiants, L., Kuzina, V., Motyka, S. (2024). Combat Stress in Military Personnel: Theory, Genesis, Prevention, and Control. Romanian Journal of Military Medicine, 127(1), 15-24. https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2023.127.1.3
- Reed-Fitzke, K., Ferraro, A. J., Duncan, J. M., Wojciak, A. S., Hamilton, A., & Pippert, H. D. (2022). Resilience in Army STARRS: Evaluating psychometrics of a multi-dimensional resilience measure. Military Psychology, 35(6), 521–528. https://doi.org/10.1080/08995605.2022.2131187
- Ryff C. D. (2014). Psychological well-being revisited: advances in the science and practice of eudaimonia. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 83(1), 10–28. https://doi.org/10.1159/000353263
- Schultebraucks, K., Choi, K. W., Galatzer-Levy, I. R., & Bonanno, G. A. (2021). Discriminating Heterogeneous Trajectories of Resilience and Depression After Major Life Stressors Using Polygenic Scores. JAMA psychiatry, 78(7), 744–752. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.0228
- Shedler, J., Mayman, M., & Manis, M. (1993). The illusion of mental health. American Psychologist, 48(11), 1117–1131. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.48.11.1117
- Sisto, A., Vicinanza, F., Campanozzi, L. L., Ricci, G., Tartaglini, D., & Tambone, V. (2019). Towards a Transversal Definition of Psychological Resilience: A Literature Review. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 55(11), 745. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55110745
- Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: interdisciplinary perspectives. European journal of psychotraumatology, 5, 10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
- References
- American Psychological Association. (2014). The road to resilience. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/road-resilience.aspx
- Benjet, C., Bromet, E., Karam, E. G., Kessler, R. C., McLaughlin, K. A., Ruscio, A. M., … Koenen, K. C. (2016). The epidemiology of traumatic event exposure worldwide: results from the World Mental Health Survey Consortium. Psychological medicine, 46(2), 327–343. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715001981
- Bonanno, G. A. (2021). The resilience paradox. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2021.1942642
- Bonanno, G. A., & Burton, C. L. (2013). Regulatory flexibility: An individual differences perspective on coping and emotion regulation. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(6), 591–612. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691613504116
- Bonanno, G. A., Romero, S. A., & Klein, S. I. (2015). The temporal elements of psychological resilience: An integrative framework for the study of individuals, families, and communities. Psychological Inquiry, 26(2), 139–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2015.992677
- Cabrera, O. A., Trachik, B. J., Ganulin, M. L., Dretsch, M. N., & Adler, A. B. (2023). Longitudinal measurement invariance and growth curve modeling of psychological resilience across the deployment cycle. Military Psychology, 36(4), 393–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/08995605.2023.2188846
- Campbell, D. J., & Nobel, O. B.-Y. (2009). Occupational stressors in military service: A review and framework. Military Psychology, 21(sup2), S47–S67. https://doi.org/10.1080/08995600903249149
- Casella, L., & Motta, R. W. (1990). Comparison of characteristics of Vietnam verterans with and without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Psychological Reports, 67, 595–605. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1990.67.2.595
- Chen, S., & Bonanno, G. A. (2021). Components of emotion regulation flexibility: Linking latent profiles to depressive and anxious symptoms. Clinical Psychological Science, 9 (2), 236–251. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702620956972
- Connor, K. M. (2006). Assessment of resilience in the after math of trauma. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67(2), 46–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.004
- Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10113
- Crane, M. F. (2017). A manager’s introductory guide to resilience. In M. F. Crane (Ed.), Managing for resilience: A practical guide for employee wellbeing and organizational performance (pp. 1–12). Routledge.
- Galatzer-Levy, I. R., Ruggles, K. V., & Chen, Z. (2018). Data science in the Research Domain Criteria era: Relevance of machine learning to the study of stress pathology, recovery, and resilience. Chronic Stress, 2, 24705. https://doi.org/10.1177/2470547017747553
- Iversen, Z. A., Almagor Tikotzki, M., & Kurman, J. (2022). Psychological resilience: Predictors and measurement among Israel Defense Force combat officer candidates. Military Psychology, 35(6), 493–506. https://doi.org/10.1080/08995605.2022.2127986
- Kalisch, R., Baker, D. G., Basten, U., Boks, M. P., Bonanno, G. A., Brummelman, E., … Kleim, B. (2017). The resilience framework as a strategy to combat stress-related disorders. Nature human behaviour, 1(11), 784–790. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-017-0200-8
- Kamphuis, W., Delahaij, R., Duel, J., Geuze, E., & Vermetten, E. (2021). The relationship between resilience resources and long-term deployment-related PTSD symptoms: A longitudinal study in Dutch veterans. Military Behavioral Health, 9(3), 267–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 21635781.2020.1864528
- Karam, E. G., Friedman, M. J., Hill, E. D., Kessler, R. C., McLaughlin, K. A., Petukhova, M., … Koenen, K. C. (2014). Cumulative traumas and risk thresholds: 12-month PTSD in the World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. Depression and anxiety, 31(2), 130–142. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22169
- Mary, A., Dayan, J., Leone, G., Postel, C., Fraisse, F., Malle, … Gagnepain, P. (2020). Resilience after trauma: The role of memory suppression. Science (New York, N.Y.), 367(6479), eaay8477. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aay8477
- Masten, A. S., & Cicchetti, D. (2016). Resilience in development: Progress and transformation. In D. Cicchetti (Ed.), Developmental psychopathology (Vol. 4, risk, resilience, and intervention) (3rd ed., pp. 271–333). New York: Wiley.
- Pietrzak, R. H., & Southwick, S. M. (2011). Psychological resilience in OEF-OIF Veterans: application of a novel classification approach and examination of demographic and psychosocial correlates. Journal of affective disorders, 133(3), 560–568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.028
- Polusny, M. A., Marquardt, C. A., Hagel-Campbell, E., Filetti, C. R., Noël, V. V., Disner, S. G., … Erbes, C. R. (2021). Advancing research on mechanisms of resilience (armor) longitudinal cohort study of new military recruits: results from a feasibility pilot study. Research in Human Development, 18(3), 212–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427609.2021.1964898
- Prykhodko, I., Kolesnichenko, O., Matsehora, Y., Aleshchenko, V., Kovalchuk, O., Matsevko, T., Krotiuk, V., & Kuzina, V. (2022). Effects of posttraumatic stress and combat losses on the combatants’ resilience. Československá Psychologie, 66(2), 157-169. https://doi.org/10.51561/cspsych.66.2.157
- Prykhodko, I., Matsehora,Y., Kolesnichenko, O., Voloshko, S., Vintoniak, V., Vasyukova, N., Budahiants, L., Kuzina, V., Motyka, S. (2024). Combat Stress in Military Personnel: Theory, Genesis, Prevention, and Control. Romanian Journal of Military Medicine, 127(1), 15-24. https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2023.127.1.3
- Reed-Fitzke, K., Ferraro, A. J., Duncan, J. M., Wojciak, A. S., Hamilton, A., & Pippert, H. D. (2022). Resilience in Army STARRS: Evaluating psychometrics of a multi-dimensional resilience measure. Military Psychology, 35(6), 521–528. https://doi.org/10.1080/08995605.2022.2131187
- Ryff C. D. (2014). Psychological well-being revisited: advances in the science and practice of eudaimonia. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 83(1), 10–28. https://doi.org/10.1159/000353263
- Schultebraucks, K., Choi, K. W., Galatzer-Levy, I. R., & Bonanno, G. A. (2021). Discriminating Heterogeneous Trajectories of Resilience and Depression After Major Life Stressors Using Polygenic Scores. JAMA psychiatry, 78(7), 744–752. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.0228
- Shedler, J., Mayman, M., & Manis, M. (1993). The illusion of mental health. American Psychologist, 48(11), 1117–1131. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.48.11.1117
- Sisto, A., Vicinanza, F., Campanozzi, L. L., Ricci, G., Tartaglini, D., & Tambone, V. (2019). Towards a Transversal Definition of Psychological Resilience: A Literature Review. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 55(11), 745. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55110745
- Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: interdisciplinary perspectives. European journal of psychotraumatology, 5, 10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338